The digital revolution has ushered in an era of unprecedented change across various sectors, including education. In Nigeria, the adoption of online teaching has been both a response to global trends and a necessity driven by recent events such as the COVID-19 pandemic. The transition from traditional classroom-based instruction to online platforms has been marked by numerous advantages, challenges, and significant advantages.
Online teaching, also known as e-learning, involves the use of internet-based platforms and digital tools to deliver educational content. This mode of education has gained traction globally, and Nigeria is no exception. The rise of online teaching in Nigeria can be attributed to several factors, including technological advancements, the need for flexible learning options, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitated a rapid shift to remote learning to ensure educational continuity.
One of the most significant advantages of online teaching is its ability to increase access to education. In a country as large and diverse as Nigeria, with numerous remote and underserved areas, online education can bridge the gap by providing learning opportunities to students who might otherwise be excluded due to geographical barriers. With an internet connection, students can access educational resources from anywhere, enhancing inclusivity. Students in the remote area of Osun State, Kano or any other state can easily attend online classes, take lessons from outside their state.
Online teaching offers a level of flexibility that traditional classroom settings cannot match. Students can learn at their own pace and on their own schedule, which is particularly beneficial for working adults, parents, and those with other commitments. This flexibility allows learners to balance their education with other responsibilities, making it easier for more people to pursue their educational goals. Take for instance The National Open University of Nigeria (NOUN) is a notable example of an institution that has embraced online teaching. NOUN offers a range of programmes through distance learning, providing access to higher education for students to learn at their own pace. The use of online platforms, digital resources, and virtual tutorials has enabled NOUN to reach a diverse student body, including working adults and those in remote areas.
For both students, teachers, and educational institutions, online teaching can be more cost-effective. Students save on commuting and accommodation costs, while institutions can reduce expenses related to physical infrastructure and maintenance. All that is needed from all parties involved is a good device and strong Internet connection. Additionally, the availability of digital textbooks and open educational resources can further lower the cost of learning materials, making education more affordable.
The internet provides access to a vast array of learning materials, including videos, interactive simulations, articles, and e-books. This diversity of resources can cater to different learning styles and preferences, enhancing the overall learning experience. Educators can also incorporate multimedia content into their lessons, making them more engaging and effective. Teachers can send voice notes or a video of themselves making students not feel the absence of not being in class.
In today’s digital age, proficiency with online tools and platforms is a valuable skill. Online teaching inherently involves the use of various technologies, helping students develop their digital literacy. These skills are not only beneficial for academic purposes but are also highly sought after in the modern workforce, preparing students for future employment opportunities.
Although online teaching has numerous advantages, it also has its disadvantages. One of the most pressing challenges of online teaching in Nigeria is the digital divide. Despite the increasing penetration of the internet, a significant portion of the population still lacks access to reliable internet connections and digital devices. Some students from marginalised areas do not have access to stable Internet access and power supply which might hinder them from learning actively online. Frequent power outages and slow or unreliable internet connections make it difficult for students and educators to participate in and deliver online lessons effectively. This disparity can exacerbate existing inequalities in education, leaving disadvantaged students further behind.
Many educators in Nigeria are not adequately trained to deliver online instruction. The sudden shift to online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the need for professional development and support for teachers to adapt to new technologies and teaching methods. Without proper training, educators may struggle to engage students and deliver effective online lessons.
Keeping students engaged and motivated in an online setting can be more challenging than in a traditional classroom. The absence of face-to-face interaction and the distractions of home environments can lead to reduced attention and participation. For instance, a student might join the class online without doing something else which does not happen in the traditional classroom. Educators need to employ diverse strategies, such as interactive content and frequent assessments, to maintain student engagement.
Technical difficulties are an inherent challenge of online teaching. Problems such as unstable internet connections, software glitches, and device malfunctions can disrupt the learning process. Both students and educators need to have a basic level of technical proficiency to troubleshoot common issues, and institutions must provide adequate technical support. However, all these problems are inevitable.
To address the challenges associated with online teaching, it is essential for the government, educational institutions, and private sector to invest in robust technology and infrastructure. This includes improving internet connectivity, ensuring reliable power supply, and providing access to digital devices for students and educators. Partnerships with technology companies can also help in sourcing affordable solutions.
Educators need ongoing training and support to effectively deliver online instruction. Professional development programmes should focus on building digital literacy, incorporating online teaching strategies, and using educational technologies. Providing educators with the necessary tools and resources will enhance their ability to engage students and deliver high-quality online lessons.
